What’s causing this summer’s extreme heat waves?

A photo of a temperature board in Phoenix, Arizona showing 110 degrees and the time 1:22 p.m.

Temperatures in Phoenix have reached above 43.3° Celsius (110° Fahrenheit) for 19 straight days, tying a record streak from 1974, with 9 straight days of temperatures not falling below 32.3° C (90°F).

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The dog days of summer are upon us. Brutal heat waves are roasting regions around the globe, smashing records with unrelenting severity.

In the southwest United States and northern Mexico, devastating heat has been scorching the region for weeks.